A disease in which a person’s own immune system attacks the body’s tissues. Type 1 diabetes is an example of an autoimmune disease where the person’s antibodies attack and destroy the beta-cells of their pancreas.

An artificial sweetener that does not contain carbohydrates and will not cause an increase in blood sugar levels. Sold under the brand names Equal and NutraSweet.

Cells found in your pancreas that are responsible for producing glucagon when your blood sugar levels are low.

Albumin is a type of protein produced in the liver. A high level of albumin in the urine of people with diabetes is an early sign of kidney damage.

A skin disorder that causes thickening of skin and the appearance of dark patches of skin, particularly on the back of the neck, the groin, and in the armpits. It may be a sign of insulin resistance.

A pattern of weight gain where most of the body’s fat is stored around the abdomen and waist. This increases your risk for developing chronic diseases such as diabetes.