The presence of high levels of glucose in the urine, it can indicate abnormally high blood sugar levels and is a sign of diabetes.

The main storage form of carbohydrates in the liver and muscles. It is easily broken down into glucose for use as energy when needed.

A scale that ranks carbohydrate-containing foods by how much they raise blood glucose levels.

A simple form of sugar that acts as fuel for the body. It is produced during digestion of carbohydrate and carried in the blood to the body’s cells.

A hormone produced by the pancreas that causes an increase in blood glucose levels. Glucagon can also be given by injection to treat severe hypoglycemia.

Diabetes that is first diagnosed or first develops during pregnancy. It affects 2% to 4% of all pregnancies. Blood glucose levels usually return to normal following delivery. Both mother and child are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

The death or decay of body tissues, usually due to loss of blood supply to the affected area, which may be followed by bacterial infection. It is often seen as a complication following diabetic neuropathy.